This basin is very complex, and it carries high economic value as it contains a very. Depositional environments and petrographic characteristics. The intracratonic bida basin nupe or middle niger basin is one of the. Field results show that clays in kutigi are deposited as alluvial deposit from braided and meandering streams and occur in two locations a and b. The bida basinis an intracratonic inland basin in northcentral nigeria. Sedimentological characteristics of lokoja sandstone. Contains details on the geological units of nigeria and the associated mineral resources. Geology the southern bida basin section of the study area figure 2 is cretaceous 665 ma and forms part of the larger bida basin. Hydrocarbon, bida basin, sedimentology, inland basins, nigeria introduction the bida basin, also known as the midniger or nupe basin, is located in westcentral nigeria figure. The dahomey basin like other sedimentary basins in nigeria is found to be endowed with mineral resources. Evaluation of groundwater resources of the middle niger. Updates on the geology and potential petroleum system of. Most of the sedimentary cover is of cretaceous age.
The middle niger bida basin is a linear intracratonic sedimentary basin situated in central nigeria. Geochemical assessment of claystone deposits from the patti. Preliminary interpretation of gravity measurement in the middle niger basin area, nigeria. Geologic map showing configuration of potentiometric surface in cretaceous aquifers, sokoto basin, northwestern nigeria.
Patterns and significance of geosciences and mining. Bida basin is one of the younger sedimentary basins of africa campanian maastrichitian in nigeria regarded as the northwestern extension of anambra basin bounded by monotonous precambrian basement rocks. Journal of geology and mining research academic journals. Updates on the geology and potential petroleum system of the. The bida basin runs north west from the confluence of niger and benue rivers from the anambra basin in the southeast and to the northwest tow ards the sokoto basin figure 2. The lower benue trough like other sedimentary basins in nigeria is found to be endowed with mineral resources. After more than 55 years of intensive exploration, it is considered that the main prospectivity of nigeria is restricted to the niger delta and its adjacent offshore. Department of geology and mineral sciences, university of ilorin, nigeria. Pdf a revised stratigraphy of the bida basin, nigeria gabriel ojo and s. It forms a shallow linear depression with sedimentary thickness that varies from 2 km to 3.
Geology and mineral resources of nigeria nuhu george obaje. The basin is a nwse trending embayment, perpendicular to the main axis of. Geohydrologic section through northeastern sokoto basin, north western nigeria, showing principal aquifers and confining beds. The conventional stratigraphy of the bida basin has the bida formation at the base in the northern sector, followed successively upward by the sakpe, enagi, and batati formations. Nigeria is underlain by seven major sedimenta ry basins, viz. Read all the latest news, breaking stories, top headlines, opinion, pictures and videos about bida basin from nigeria and the world on today. The geology of nigeria is made up of three major lithopetrological components, namely, the basement complex, younger granites, and sedimentary basins. Ten representative samples of the ironstone submitted for geochemical and mineralogical studies.
It is the lateral equivalent of the bida sandstone, consisting of sub. This book provides a detailed description of nigerias geology and mineral resources with the aim of promoting sustainable economic development of nigerias. Pdf stratigraphy, paleogeography and hydrocarbon resource. Paleoenvironments, organic petrology and rock eval studies on source rock facies of the campanian to maastrichtian patti formation, southern bida basin, nigeria.
Sedimentary facies relationships and depositional environments of the maastrichtian enagi formation, northern bida basin, nigeria. The basement complex, which is precambrian in age, is made up of the. Preliminary chemical assessment of groundwater in the basement complex area within the bunsuru and gagere subbasin, northern nigeria. Sedimentological characteristics of lokoja sandstone exposed. Marine incursion in to the basin was suspected to have taken place during the early part of the uppermost maastrichtian phase from the south via the anambra basin, during which very. Geochemical assessment of claystone deposits from the. A new geological map was made for the basin which clearly demonstrates the relationship of the formations. Pdf an overview of the geology and hydrogeology of nigeria. Geology and mineral resources of nigeria nuhu george.
The middle niger basin nupe or bida basin, which is only about 0. Geology and mineral resources of the lower benue trough. Basin, the benue trough, the chad basin, the sokoto basin, the bidanupe basin and the dahomey basin, all infill with sediments varying in age from the cretaceous to recent. In the southern sector, the lokoja formation is at the base, followed by the patti formation and ending with the agbaja formation at the top. Geological map of nigeria showing the study area source. Paleoenvironmental studies of ahoko shale, south eastern. The mineral resources found in the basin, their locations and uses are listed below table 2. Geology and mineral resources of nigeria pp 91101 cite as. Nigeria is a vast country with considerable wealth in natural resources and understanding nigerias geology is critical for efficient exploration and exploitation of these resources. The basin is bounded by monotonous precambrian basement rocks of various mineralogical, textural and. Preliminary chemical assessment of groundwater in the basement complex area within the bunsuru and gagere sub basin, northern nigeria.
A revised stratigraphy of the bida basin, nigeria sciencedirect. An overview of the geology and hydrogeology of nigeria. Sedimentology and depositional environments of the upper african. Nigerias under explored and poorly understood frontier basins include the nigeria, chad, bida, dahomey, sokoto, and benue basins. The bida basin is a nwse trending intracratonic sedimentary basin extending from kontagora in niger state of nigeria to areas slightly beyond lokoja in the south figure 2. It is one of the several cretaceous and later rift basins in west africa whose origin are related to the opening of the south atlantic3.
Basin, the benue trough, the chad basin, the sokoto basin, the bida nupe basin and the dahomey basin, all infill with sediments varying in age from the cretaceous to recent. Patterns and significance of geosciences and mining research works in nigeria from 20082012. Geological survey of nigeria agency have actively engaged an active in the exploration for mineral deposits in nigeria. The basin trends from northwest to southeast and basically extends from kontagora niger state to the north and. Pdf new assessment for central nigerias bida basin highlights. The aim of the project is to carry out integrated studies of the.
The bida basin is one of nigerias inland frontier basins. For dinoflagellates and acritarchs, monographs of powell 1992, jan du chene 1987 and sluijs et al. Obaje and others published new assessment for central nigerias bida basin highlights geological prospects find, read and. Petroleum oil and gas accounts for up to 95% of nigerias foreign earning and. Geothermal study over sokoto basin northwestern, nigeria kamureyina ezekiel department of geology and mining, adamawa state university, mubi p. Palynology and paleoenvironments of the upper araromi. The bida basin is one of the younger sedimentary basins of africa campanian maastrichitian located in nigeria between sokoto part iullemmeden and anambra basins, it trend in northwest southeast direction and regarded as the northwestern extension of anambra basin 1. The regional stratigraphic succession in the bida basin and its relationship to the anambra basin is shown in figure 2. The first major work in the bida basin with focus on stratigraphy and sedimentology is that of adeleye, 1973, adeleye, 1974. The northwestsoutheast trending bida basin follows the course of the upper niger river.
Geochemicalandmineralogical characteristicsofsakpe. There are considerable groundwater and surface water resources available in nigeria. Bida basin news latest breaking stories and top headlines. Nigerias frontier basinsunrealized rift system hydrocarbon.
Geology and mineral resources of nigeria springerlink. The country forms the nigerian province and more than half of its surface is igneous and metamorphic crystalline basement rock from the precambrian. The nigeria chad basin is part of the bornu basin, an intracratonic rift basin having an area of 2,335,000 km 2 and covering chad, niger, the cameroun republics, and northeastern part of nigeria. It is approximately 350 km long and varies in width from 75 to 150 km. Soft sediment deformation structures in the maastrichtian.
A position of nigeria in africa and niger delta basin. A paper presented at the 1st international water resources conference, benin. Pdf an overview of the geology and hydrogeology of. Sedimentology and depositional environments of the. The campanian bida formation is the oldest stratigraphic unit in the northern bida basin, central nigeria. Geochemicalandmineralogical characteristicsofsakpe ironstone.
It is separated from the basal continental bed of the sokoto basin by a narrow outcrop of the crystalline basement rocks in the west and it is adjacent to the anambra basin in. This paper reports the geology and mineralogy of the clay occurrences around kutigi. Evaluation of groundwater resources of the middle niger bida. Depositional environment and paleoredox indicator of the. The geotechnical properties of clay occurrences around. Bida basin is a nwse trending intracratonic basin extending from kotangora northern nigeria to lokoja in the central part of nigeria. Depositional environments and petrographic characteristics of.
Geological map of study area showing locations of studied sections with inset map of. The midniger basin otherwise known as the bida basin or the nupe basin is a nwse trending intracratonic sedimentary basin. The geology of nigeria formed beginning in the archean and proterozoic eons of the precambrian. The basin is a nwse trending embayment, perpendicular to the main axis of the benue trough and the niger delta basin fig. Department of geology, federal university of technology, minna, pmb 65, minna, nigeria corresponding author. Geology and mineral resources of the lower benue trough, nigeria. The country is located in west africa and shares land borders with the republic of benin in the west, chad and cameroon in the east, and niger in the north. Only about 10% of the areal extent of the basin lies within nigeria fig. It is delimited in the northeast and southwest by the basement complex while it merges with anambra and sokoto basins in sedimentary fill comprising post orogenic. Generally, species nomenclature for dinoflagellate cysts followed fensome and williams 2004. The northwest southeastern trending bida basin forms one of the major inland sedimentary basins in nigeria. In the basin section, the precambrian 4600570 ma to lower paleozoic 570500 ma. Part 1 discusses the geology of the crystalline rocks and their regional distribution while the sedimentary basins constitute the subject of part 2.
Only about 10% of the chad basin lies within nigeria fig. Part 3 presents the mineral resources of nigeria, their geological environment, mode of occurrence, localities and where possible their estimated reserves. Geology and lithostratigraphic descriptions the area of study forms part of the bida basin or more appropriately, the lokoja subbasins or part of the southern bida basin. Heavy mineral distribution in the lokoja and patti formations. It is frequently regarded as the northwestern extension of the anambra basin to the southeast, both of. Geological developments in the basin in terms of basin evolution and structural features have been discussed by many authors. The geology of nigeria, as detailed in kogbe, is made up of three main rock. The bida basin the bida basin is a nwse trending intracratonic sedimentary basin extending from kontagora in niger state of nigeria to areas slightly beyond lokoja in the. It is a shallow, linear depression with sedimentary fill of about 3,000 m thick udensi and osazuwa, 2004. Geochemical studies of claystone deposits from the patti formation in the southern bida basin, northcentral nigeria, were carried out on representative samples to determine the basins depositional conditions, provenance and tectonic setting. The sedimentary succession in the bida basin, central nigeria, has the potential to include an active petroleum system with the generation, migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons in commercial quantities.
The mineral resources so far reported in the trough by the geological survey of nigeria agency are discussed below. Shonga, bida basin, shoreface, channel lag, paleoenvironment 1. Sedimentary succes sions in these basins are of middle mesozoic to recent age. The study was carried out to determine curie point depth, geothermal gradient and heat flow using high resolution aeromagnetic data over the sokoto basin. The sokoto basin on the northwestern outskirts of nigeria is a part of large iullemmeden basin that extends far to the north. It is roughly elliptical in ground plan and runs perpendicularly to the western margin. Geologic map of the sokoto basin, northwestern nigeria. Linkpage citation nigeria is on the west coast of africa, on latitudes 4degrees north of the equator and latitudes 3degrees and 14degrees on the east of the greenwich meridian.
They have their origins in the multiphased rift systems that were formed during the breakup of gondwanaland in early cretaceous time. The federal republic of nigeria is a federal constitutional republic comprising 36 states and its federal capital territory, abuja. It is a twostage rift basin comparable to the petroliferous south chad. Anambra basin in the lower benue trough is a major coal producing basin in nigeria where intensive. Niger delta province, nigeria, cameroon, and equatorial guinea, africa by michele l. Facies analysis of the investigated sections indicates three main facies which include conglomerate, sandstone and claystone. Journal of geology and mining research interpretation of. The bida basin is divided into northern and southern bida basin, each varying in lithostratigraphic succession adeleye, 1973. The bida basin is a nwse trending intracratonic basin that extends northwestwards from the confluence of the niger and benue rivers at the lokojadekina axis to the basement complex that separates it from the basal continental early cretaceous to late jurassic illo and gundumi formations kogbe, 1989 of the sokoto basin at shegwa nw in the kainji dam area.
Kogbe eds geology of nigeria, 2nd edition, elizabeth publishing company, lagos, pp. The intracratonic bida basin nupe or middle niger basin is one of the inland sedimentary basins of nigeria 1, located roughly at the midcentral nigeria figure. Pdf a revised stratigraphy of the bida basin, nigeria gabriel ojo. Paleoenvironmental studies of ahoko shale, south eastern bida. The geochemistry and mineralogy of the sakpe ironstone were studied around jima, northern bida basin, nigeria. The bida basin, which is one of the major inland sedimentary basins in nigeria, is oriented in the northwest southeastern direction and perpendicular to the main axis of the benue trough and the niger delta basin of nigeria fig. Hydrocarbon seepages have been reported in the basin around pategimuregi on the river niger in niger state and around ahoko near lokoja in kogi state. Updates on the geology and potential petroleum system of the bida basin in central nigeria. Regional framework, structural and petroleum aspects of rift. B cross section from nne to ssw across niger delta modified from stacher 1995.
The geology and mineralogy of clay occurrences around. Their sedimentation started in cretaceous time and spans into quaternary. The geochemistry of claystoneshale deposits from the. Groundwater resources studies in the bida basin, central nigeria. The methodology of research includes detailed mapping of the area, collection of clay samples and laboratory analysis using x ray diffraction. Geological survey editorial standards or with the north american stratigraphic. The geology and mineralogy of clay occurrences around kutigi. Groundwater flow and contaminant transport from municipal. The slides, residues, unprocessed samples, cd copies and duplicate prints are in the palynological collections of the biological sciences department, redeemers university, mowe. The lokoja sandstone is the basal unit overlying the basement complex unconformably. Petroleum geology of the southern bida basin, nigeria. Ftst journal determination of the crustal thickness. Geology department, university of ibadan, ibadan, nigeria. Nuhu george obaje, abdullahi bomai, sunday dabai moses, mohammed ali, abdulwahid aweda, serah japhet habu, abdullahi idrisnda, aliyu isah goro, salome waziri.
The chad basin, the largest, is an intracratonic rift basin with an area of 2,335,000 sq. Its coast in the south lies on the gulf of guinea on the atlantic ocean. Pdf a revised stratigraphy of the bida basin, nigeria. Geothermal study over sokoto basin northwestern, nigeria. Note the position of the west african rift subsystem which also includes gao trough in mali and bida basin in nigeria. Dash line enclosed area with seismic data provided by chevron nigeria ltd. Regional geological map with rifts superposed upon the regional surface geology. The basin is a gently downwarped trough whose genesis may be closely connected with the santonian orogenic movements of southeastern nigeria and the benue valley, nearby.